if引导的虚拟的时态

　　具体用法如下：

　　一、对现在情况的假设

　　主要表示对不可能发生或不太可能发生的现在情况的假设,例如：

　　1) If you were an Inuit near the North Pole,you would enjoy the raw meat from seals.

　　2) If you were a man living in the grassland,you would prefer the roasted meat of sheep or goats.

　　3) If you were in Germany,you would find soup that is thick and heavy.

　　4) If you were in China,you would find soup that is thin and clear.

　　以上各句所体现都是条件状语从句中的虚拟语气,表示对不可能发生或不太可能发生的现在情况的假设.

　　对现在情况假设的虚拟语气的构成如下：

　　1）条件状语从句中用were,而主句中则用would + enjoy 构成

　　2）条件状语从句中用were,而主句中则用would + prefer 构成

　　3）条件状语从句中用were,而主句中则用would + find 构成

　　4）条件状语从句中用were,而主句中则用would + find 构成

　　二、对将来情况的假设

　　1) If I had enough time,I would certainly go.

　　2) If you hurried up,you would catch that train.

　　3) If you studied hard in college,you would find a good job in the future.

　　1.如果我有足够的时间,我一定会去.

　　2.如果你快一点,你还会赶上那趟列车.

　　3.如果你在大学里努力学习,将来你就会找到一份好工作.

　　对将来情况的假设的虚拟语气的构成如下：

　　1)条件状语从句中用had,而主句中则用would + go 构成

　　2)条件状语从句中用hurried,而主句中则用would + catch 构成

　　3)条件状语从句中用studied,而主句中则用would + find 构成

　　三、对过去情况的假设

　　1) If you had begun to do your homework earlier,you would have completed them.

　　2) If I had listened to the teacher,I would have finished reading the English book.

　　3) If Tom had prepared the mid-term exam well,he would have passed it.

　　1)如果你早点开始做家庭作业,你早就做完了.

　　2)如果我听了老师的话,我该把这本英语书看完了.

　　3)要是汤姆为其中考试做了充分准备,这次其中考试他就及格了.

　　对过去情况假设的虚拟语气的构成如下：

　　1)条件状语从句中用had begun,而主句中则用would + have + complete构成

　　2)条件状语从句中用had listened ,而主句中则用would + have + finished构成

　　3)条件状语从句中用had prepared,而主句中则用would + have + passed 构成